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In chemistry, the sulfonamide functional group (also spelt sulphonamide) is -S(=O)2-NH2, a sulfonyl group connected to an amine group. Relatively speaking this group is unreactive. The amine center is no longer basic. The S-N bond is cleaved only with difficulty. Because of the rigidity of the functional group, sulfonamides are typically crystalline. For this reason, the formation of a sulfonamide is a classic method to convert an amine into a crystalline derivative which can be identified by its melting point. Many important drugs contain the sulfonamide group. A sulfonamide (compound) is a compound that contains this group. The general formula is RSO2NH2, where R is some organic group. For example, "methanesulfonamide" is CH3SO2NH2. Any sulfonamide can be considered as derived from a sulfonic acid by replacing a hydroxyl group with an amine group. In medicine, the term "sulfonamide" is sometimes used as a synonym for sulfa drug, a derivative or variation of sulfanilamide. The first sulfonamide was discovered in Germany in 1932. ==Synthesis== Sulfonamides can be prepared in the laboratory in many ways. The classic approach entails the reaction of sulfonyl chlorides with an amines. :RSO2Cl + R2NH → RSO2NR2 + HCl A base such as pyridine is typically added to absorb the HCl that is generated. Illustrative is the synthesis of sulfonylmethylamide.〔Organic Syntheses, Coll. Vol. 4, p.943 (1963); Vol. 34, p.96 (1954). (Online Article )〕 A readily available sulfonyl chloride source is tosyl chloride.〔Organic Syntheses, Coll. Vol. 5, p.39 (1973); Vol. 48, p.8 (1968). (Online Article )〕 The reaction of primary and secondary amines with benzenesulfonyl chloride is the basis of the Hinsberg reaction, a method for detecting primary and secondary amines. Triflimide or triflimidic acid HN(Tf)2 (bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide) is the formal adduct of triflic acid and ammonia. Phenyl triflimide is a triflating reagent. The related metal triflimidates are used as catalysts. The anion bistriflimide is hydrophobic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sulfonamide」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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